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Showing all 213 tutorials
Hello World
Your first quantum program in each framework.
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OpenQASM beginner 20 min readHello World in OpenQASM
Write your first quantum program in OpenQASM 3, the universal quantum assembly language used by IBM Quantum, Qiskit, and cross-platform toolchains.
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PennyLane beginner 12 min readPennyLane Hello World
Run your first differentiable quantum circuit in PennyLane. Build a Bell state, compute gradients, and see why PennyLane is the go-to framework for quantum ML.
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tket beginner 12 min readHello World in tket (pytket)
Your first quantum program using pytket, Quantinuum's high-performance quantum SDK with built-in circuit compilation and multi-backend support.
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Qiskit beginner 20 min readHello World in Qiskit
Write your first quantum program in Qiskit, build a Bell state, run it on a local simulator, and interpret the results.
- TensorFlow Quantum TF QuantumTF Quantum intermediate 20 min read
Hello World with TensorFlow Quantum
Build your first hybrid quantum-classical machine learning model with TensorFlow Quantum - create a parameterized circuit, wrap it as a Keras layer, and train it with gradient descent.
- Perceval PercevalPerceval intermediate 18 min read
Hello World with Perceval (Photonic Quantum Computing)
Build your first photonic quantum circuit with Quandela's Perceval framework - create a beam splitter circuit, demonstrate the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, and understand how photons encode quantum information.
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Amazon Braket beginner 10 min readAmazon Braket Hello World
Run your first quantum circuit with Amazon Braket. Build a Bell state on the local simulator, then learn how to submit jobs to real quantum hardware on AWS.
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Q# beginner 20 min readHello World in Q#
Write your first quantum program in Q#, put a qubit in superposition, build a Bell state, and run it from Python using the qsharp package.
- Bloqade BloqadeBloqade intermediate 18 min read
Hello World with Bloqade (Neutral Atom Computing)
Program neutral atom quantum hardware with QuEra's Bloqade framework - define atom arrays, drive Rydberg transitions, and run analog Hamiltonian simulations.
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Strawberry Fields intermediate 15 min readHello World in Strawberry Fields
Your first photonic quantum program using Xanadu's Strawberry Fields, a fundamentally different model of quantum computing based on light and continuous variables.
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D-Wave Ocean beginner 20 min readHello World in D-Wave Ocean
Write your first quantum annealing program with D-Wave Ocean, formulate a simple QUBO problem and solve it with the simulated annealing sampler.
- CUDA Quantum CUDA-QCUDA-Q beginner 15 min read
Hello World with CUDA Quantum
Your first quantum circuit with NVIDIA's CUDA Quantum framework - create a Bell state, run on CPU and GPU simulators, and compute expectation values.
- Superstaq SuperstaqSuperstaq beginner 20 min read
Getting Started with Superstaq
Install Superstaq, set up an API key, and submit a Bell state circuit to IonQ and Quantinuum simulators to see how cross-platform compilation works in practice.
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PyQuil beginner 20 min readHello World in PyQuil
Write your first quantum program in PyQuil, build a Bell state using Quil instructions, run it on the QVM simulator, and understand the output.
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Cirq beginner 20 min readHello World in Cirq
Write your first quantum program in Cirq, create a Bell state using GridQubits and Moments, run it on the Cirq simulator.
Getting Started Guides
Deep-dive setup, core concepts, and first real programs.
- OpenFermion advanced 16 min read
Quantum Chemistry with OpenFermion
Set up molecular Hamiltonians in OpenFermion, apply Jordan-Wigner mapping to convert fermionic operators to Pauli strings, and build a VQE circuit in Cirq.
- PyQuil beginner 25 min read
Getting Started with PyQuil (Forest SDK)
Learn Rigetti's PyQuil framework, write quantum programs in the QUIL instruction language and run them on Rigetti's superconducting quantum processors via Quantum Cloud Services.
- Amazon Braket intermediate 17 min read
Getting Started with IonQ Aria: Trapped Ion Quantum Computing
IonQ Aria's 25-qubit trapped ion architecture, native gate set (GPi, GPi2, MS), access via Amazon Braket, circuit construction with native gates and transpilation, Aria vs Harmony error rates, and when trapped ion platforms beat superconducting alternatives.
- Cirq beginner 25 min read
Getting Started with Cirq
Learn Google's Cirq framework, build quantum circuits with fine-grained control over qubit placement and gate timing, and run them on Google's quantum hardware.
- tket intermediate 30 min read
Getting Started with Quantinuum H-Series
Run circuits on Quantinuum's H-series trapped-ion processors using pytket. Covers hardware access, qubit connectivity, mid-circuit measurement, and error mitigation strategies that exploit H-series strengths.
- Q# beginner 30 min read
Getting Started with Q#
Learn Microsoft's Q# quantum programming language, a purpose-built language for quantum algorithms with built-in classical-quantum integration and Azure Quantum access.
- Qiskit beginner 25 min read
Getting Started with Qiskit
Install Qiskit, build your first quantum circuit in Python, and run it on a real IBM quantum computer, all in under 30 minutes.
- D-Wave Ocean beginner 20 min read
Getting Started with D-Wave Ocean SDK
Install the D-Wave Ocean SDK, formulate a simple optimization problem as a QUBO, and solve it using D-Wave's quantum annealer or simulator.
- Amazon Braket beginner 18 min read
Getting Started with Amazon Braket
Set up Amazon Braket, run circuits on the local simulator, and learn how to submit jobs to real quantum hardware on AWS.
- Strawberry Fields intermediate 18 min read
Getting Started with Strawberry Fields
Set up Strawberry Fields, learn the continuous-variable gate model, and run your first photonic quantum circuit using the Fock and Gaussian backends.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 30 min read
Getting Started with D-Wave Ocean SDK
Learn D-Wave's Ocean SDK for quantum annealing, formulate combinatorial optimisation problems as QUBO models and solve them on the world's largest quantum annealing processors.
- IonQ IonQ SDKIonQ SDK beginner 22 min read
Getting Started with the IonQ Python SDK
Install the IonQ Python SDK, build a circuit using native GPi and MS gates, run it on the IonQ simulator, and understand when to use the native SDK versus cirq-ionq or Qiskit on Azure.
Fundamentals & Advanced Topics
Algorithms, error correction, hardware, and in-depth technique guides.
- Qiskit advanced 20 min read
Hybrid Quantum-Classical Optimization: A Deep Dive into VQE
A comprehensive guide to the Variational Quantum Eigensolver: ansatz design, optimizer selection, barren plateaus, and a complete H2 ground state calculation using Qiskit's Estimator primitive.
- resource estimation StimStim advanced 25 min read
Quantum Resource Estimation: How Many Qubits Do You Actually Need?
How to estimate the physical qubit count, T-gates, and runtime needed for fault-tolerant quantum algorithms. Use Azure Quantum Resource Estimator and manual calculations for Shor's algorithm and quantum chemistry.
- PennyLane advanced 70 minutes
Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks with PennyLane
Implement a patch quantum GAN in PennyLane with a parametric quantum generator and classical neural network discriminator. Covers adversarial training, mode collapse, and how entanglement contributes to output diversity.
- Strawberry Fields advanced 22 min read
Continuous-Variable Quantum Neural Networks with Strawberry Fields
Build a continuous-variable quantum neural network using Strawberry Fields with differentiable backends, implementing the Killoran et al. CV-QNN architecture for function approximation.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 50 minutes
Solving Network Problems with D-Wave Ocean: TSP and Graph Coloring
Learn how to formulate the Traveling Salesman Problem and graph coloring as QUBOs and BQMs using D-Wave Ocean SDK, then solve them with LeapHybridSampler and interpret the results.
- PennyLane advanced 40 min
Active Space Methods for Quantum Chemistry in PennyLane
Reduce molecular simulation cost by selecting active orbitals in PennyLane. Combine active space selection with VQE for accurate molecular ground state energies.
- neutral atoms BloqadeBloqade intermediate 30 min read
Programming Neutral Atom Quantum Computers with Bloqade
Learn how neutral atom quantum computers use optical tweezers and Rydberg blockade to implement quantum logic, how to define pulse sequences with Bloqade's Python SDK, and how to run simulations and submit to QuEra's Aquila QPU via Amazon Braket.
- PennyLane intermediate 22 min read
PennyLane Error Mitigation: ZNE and PEC for NISQ Circuits
Cut noise on NISQ devices with PennyLane: implement zero-noise extrapolation and probabilistic error cancellation, with a working example that beats the unmitigated baseline.
- Qiskit beginner 30 min read
Qiskit Basics: Quantum Gates, Circuits, and Measurements
A comprehensive beginner guide to Qiskit covering single-qubit gates, two-qubit gates, circuit drawing, statevector simulation, measurement, and histograms, with 20+ code examples.
- PennyLane advanced 70 minutes
Noise-Aware Training for Variational Quantum Circuits
Train variational quantum circuits directly on realistic noise models using PennyLane. Compare circuits trained with and without noise, insert depolarizing and amplitude damping channels, and apply noise injection techniques to improve real hardware performance.
- Qiskit intermediate 45 minutes
Qiskit Runtime Sessions and Primitives: A Production Guide
A production-oriented guide to Qiskit Runtime's Session and Batch modes, the Estimator and Sampler primitives, Primitive Unified Blocs (PUBs), ISA circuits, and cost optimization strategies for IBM Quantum hardware.
- PennyLane advanced 75 minutes
Adaptive Variational Circuits with ADAPT-VQE in PennyLane
Implement a simplified ADAPT-VQE algorithm in PennyLane. Build an operator pool, greedily select operators by gradient magnitude, grow the ansatz iteratively, and compare convergence against fixed UCCSD for the H2 molecule.
- PennyLane intermediate 17 min read
Hybrid Quantum-Classical Optimization Loops with PennyLane and PyTorch
Build a complete hybrid quantum-classical optimization pipeline: PennyLane QNode wrapped as a PyTorch layer, automatic differentiation through quantum circuits, Adam optimizer training on a binary classification task, and comparison to classical logistic regression.
- PyQuil intermediate 25 min read
Noise Simulation in PyQuil
Learn to simulate realistic quantum noise in PyQuil using Kraus operators, depolarizing channels, and T1/T2 decoherence models. Compare ideal and noisy Bell state results on the QVM.
- Qiskit intermediate 17 min read
Dynamic Quantum Circuits: Mid-Circuit Measurement and Classical Feedforward in Qiskit
Implement quantum teleportation using Qiskit's dynamic circuit primitives: mid-circuit measurement, classical feedforward with if_else, and comparison to the static circuit approach. Includes repeat-until-success gates.
- quantum errors ConceptsConcepts intermediate 25 min
Introduction to Quantum Error Models
A practical introduction to the main quantum error models: bit flip, phase flip, depolarizing, and amplitude damping. Understand how these map onto real hardware noise and how error correction addresses each.
- quantum measurement ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min
Quantum Measurement Explained
How quantum measurement works: the Born rule, wavefunction collapse, measurement bases, and why measurement is irreversible in quantum computing.
- PennyLane intermediate 25 min read
QAOA: Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm with PennyLane
Implement the Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm to solve the MaxCut graph problem using PennyLane, and understand how QAOA bridges quantum computing and combinatorial optimisation.
- Qiskit advanced 35 min
SWAP Networks and Qubit Routing in Qiskit
Learn how Qiskit's transpiler inserts SWAP gates to route circuits onto device connectivity graphs. Understand routing heuristics and how to minimize SWAP overhead.
- Qiskit advanced 35 min
Measuring Quantum Volume with Qiskit
Implement the quantum volume protocol in Qiskit to compare hardware quality across devices. Understand how QV relates to circuit depth, qubit count, and gate fidelity.
- Qiskit intermediate 30 min read
QAOA for MaxCut: A Complete Qiskit Walkthrough
Build the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm from scratch in Qiskit to solve MaxCut on small graphs. Understand the circuit structure, cost function, and how to tune the depth parameter p.
- Qiskit intermediate 20 min read
Implementing Quantum Teleportation in Qiskit
Build a working quantum teleportation circuit in Qiskit - create an entangled pair, perform a Bell measurement, apply classical corrections, and verify the teleported state.
- Strawberry Fields intermediate 18 min read
Squeezed States and Quadrature Measurements in Strawberry Fields
Learn to create squeezed, displaced, and rotated states in Strawberry Fields, measure position and momentum quadratures via homodyne detection, and visualize the results with Wigner functions.
- Qiskit advanced 22 min read
Fault-Tolerant Quantum Gates: Why T Gates Need Magic States
Physical vs logical gates, transversal Cliffords on the surface code, the Eastin-Knill obstruction, and the 15-to-1 magic state protocol that makes T gates fault-tolerant.
- grovers algorithm ConceptsConcepts intermediate 18 min read
Grover's Algorithm Explained
How Grover's algorithm searches an unsorted database in √N steps, and why that matters for cryptography and optimization.
- Qiskit advanced 22 min read
Hamiltonian Simulation with Qiskit: Pauli Evolution and Trotterization
Implement first-order and second-order Trotter decomposition for the transverse-field Ising model using Qiskit's PauliEvolutionGate and SuzukiTrotter, measure energy expectation value evolution, and analyze Trotter step error as a function of step size.
- entanglement ConceptsConcepts intermediate 30 min read
Bell Inequalities and the CHSH Test: How We Know Entanglement Is Real
Derive the CHSH inequality, understand why classical correlations cannot violate it, and verify that quantum entanglement does — with working Qiskit code that reproduces Bell test results.
- quantum applications ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min
Quantum Computing Applications: What Problems Can It Solve?
A practical overview of what quantum computers can actually do today and in the near future: chemistry simulation, optimisation, cryptography, and machine learning.
- Qiskit intermediate 22 min read
Introduction to Quantum Error Correction: The Bit-Flip Code
Learn how quantum error correction works by implementing the 3-qubit bit-flip code in Qiskit - encode a logical qubit, introduce an error, detect it with syndrome measurement, and correct it.
- Q# intermediate 30 min
Quantum Teleportation in Q#
Implement quantum teleportation in Q# using Bell state preparation and classical communication. Run on Azure Quantum simulators and understand the protocol step by step.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 13 min read
Constrained Optimization with D-Wave's CQM Sampler
Use D-Wave's Constrained Quadratic Model (CQM) sampler to solve optimization problems with explicit constraints, eliminating the need for manual QUBO penalty encoding.
- Q# intermediate 25 min read
Quantum Error Correction in Q#
Implement the 3-qubit bit flip code and phase flip code in Q#, covering encoding, error injection, syndrome measurement, and correction.
- Qiskit beginner 10 min read
Building a Quantum Random Number Generator
Build a true quantum random number generator using superposition and measurement in Qiskit, and understand why quantum randomness is fundamentally different from classical pseudo-randomness.
- Strawberry Fields intermediate 45 minutes
Photonic Quantum Computing with Strawberry Fields
A hands-on guide to continuous-variable quantum computing with Strawberry Fields, covering the program model, Gaussian and Fock backends, Gaussian boson sampling, and a full CV teleportation circuit.
- quantum algorithms ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min
How Quantum Algorithms Work
A conceptual guide to how quantum algorithms actually work: using superposition to explore many paths, interference to amplify correct answers, and measurement to extract results.
- PennyLane intermediate 25 min
Shot-Adaptive Optimization in PennyLane
Use PennyLane's shot-adaptive optimizer to allocate measurement shots intelligently across circuit parameters.
- Qiskit advanced 35 min
Error Suppression with Qiskit Runtime
Use Qiskit Runtime's built-in error suppression techniques including dynamical decoupling, TREX readout error mitigation, and resilience levels to improve results on real hardware.
- quantum channels ConceptsConcepts advanced 35 min read
Quantum Channels and Kraus Operators: The Language of Quantum Noise
The formal framework for describing any quantum operation: CPTP maps, Kraus operators, the Choi matrix, and how common noise channels (depolarising, amplitude damping, phase damping) are expressed mathematically.
- Qiskit advanced 40 min
Run Bigger Circuits with Qiskit Circuit Cutting (Wire + Gate)
Split a large quantum circuit across smaller QPUs using Qiskit's circuit cutting addon. Covers both wire cuts and gate cuts, plus when the classical overhead becomes prohibitive.
- linear algebra ConceptsConcepts beginner 25 min read
Linear Algebra for Quantum Computing: Vectors, Matrices, and Inner Products
Master the linear algebra underlying quantum computing: Dirac notation, inner products, tensor products, Hermitian and unitary matrices, eigenvalues, and partial trace, all with numpy examples.
- PyQuil intermediate 45 minutes
Parametric Quantum Programs and Compilation with pyQuil
Learn how to write and compile parametric quantum programs in pyQuil using QuiltParameter and declare/LOAD-MEMORY, compile for Rigetti's Ankaa topology with Quilc, and execute on the QVM and Rigetti QCS.
- Qiskit intermediate 60 minutes
Qiskit Serverless: Scaling Quantum Workloads on IBM Quantum Platform
Learn to use Qiskit Serverless to parallelize quantum workloads on IBM Quantum. Run parameter sweeps in parallel, coordinate classical and quantum compute, aggregate results, and choose between Session, Batch, and Serverless execution modes.
- Qiskit advanced 14 min read
Advanced Error Mitigation in Qiskit Runtime
Use Qiskit Runtime's built-in error mitigation options: resilience levels, zero-noise extrapolation, and Probabilistic Error Cancellation in the Estimator primitive.
- Qiskit intermediate 13 min read
Circuit Transpilation in Qiskit
How Qiskit's transpiler transforms abstract circuits into hardware-executable form: qubit mapping, SWAP insertion, gate decomposition, and optimization passes.
- qubits ConceptsConcepts beginner 15 min
Qubits vs Classical Bits: The Key Differences
A side-by-side comparison of classical bits and qubits: what makes a qubit fundamentally different, what it can and cannot do, and common misconceptions.
- Classiq ClassiqClassiq intermediate 25 min read
High-Level Quantum Circuit Synthesis with Classiq
Learn how Classiq's synthesis engine lets you describe quantum algorithms at a functional level and automatically optimizes circuits for depth, width, or hardware constraints, with a complete Grover's search example.
- Cirq intermediate 13 min read
Noise Modeling in Cirq
Model realistic quantum hardware noise in Cirq: depolarizing channels, amplitude damping, bit-flip channels, and using DensityMatrixSimulator for noisy circuit simulation.
- PennyLane advanced 16 min read
Quantum Transfer Learning with PennyLane
Combine a classical pre-trained CNN with a parameterized quantum circuit for image classification using PennyLane's quantum transfer learning technique.
- Cirq advanced 70 minutes
Simulating Google Sycamore Circuits with Cirq
Build and simulate random quantum circuits on the Google Sycamore topology using Cirq. Implement FSimGate with Sycamore parameters, realistic noise models, and cross-entropy benchmarking (XEB) to measure circuit fidelity.
- OpenQASM advanced 55 minutes
OpenQASM 3 Advanced Features: Gates, Timing, and Classical Control
A deep dive into OpenQASM 3's most powerful new capabilities: parameterized gate definitions, precise timing control with delay and stretch, mid-circuit measurement, classical feedforward, and a complete quantum teleportation program.
- topological qubits ConceptsConcepts advanced 40 min read
Topological Quantum Computing: Anyons, Braids, and Inherently Fault-Tolerant Qubits
Understand how 2D anyons with non-Abelian statistics enable quantum gates through braiding, why topological qubits are inherently protected from local errors, and where Microsoft's topological qubit program stands after the 2025 demonstration.
- tket advanced 60 minutes
Advanced Circuit Optimization with tket
Master advanced tket compilation: custom PassManagers, PauliSimp, CliffordSimp, noise-aware routing with Architecture graphs, KAK decomposition, and backend-agnostic portability across IBM, IonQ, and Quantinuum.
- PennyLane advanced 60 minutes
Decomposing Arbitrary Gates into Clifford+T with PennyLane
Understand why Clifford+T is the universal fault-tolerant gate set, the cost of T gates in magic state distillation, and how to analyze T-count with PennyLane.
- Qiskit intermediate 45 minutes
Qiskit Patterns: A Structured Workflow for Quantum Algorithms
Learn IBM's 4-step Qiskit Patterns methodology and implement a complete VQE using SparsePauliOp, parametric ansatz, ISA transpilation, and RuntimeEstimator.
- CUDA Quantum CUDA-QCUDA-Q advanced 60 minutes
Accelerating Quantum Simulation with CUDA Quantum and GPU
Learn how NVIDIA's CUDA Quantum platform enables GPU-accelerated quantum circuit simulation using custatevec, kernel syntax, noise models, and multi-GPU scaling for 30+ qubit circuits.
- PennyLane advanced 35 min
Quantum Natural Gradient in PennyLane
Implement quantum natural gradient descent in PennyLane using the quantum Fisher information matrix. Compare convergence against standard gradient descent on a VQE benchmark.
- quantum gates ConceptsConcepts beginner 15 min read
Quantum Gates: Hadamard, Pauli, CNOT, Toffoli (with Diagrams)
What each quantum gate actually does to a qubit state, with circuit diagrams and matrix forms for Hadamard, Pauli-X/Y/Z, CNOT, Toffoli, and the rotation gates.
- Amazon Braket intermediate 14 min read
Quantum-Classical Hybrid Jobs on Amazon Braket
Run variational quantum algorithms using Amazon Braket Hybrid Jobs: managed classical compute + quantum access in one job, with checkpointing and cost tracking.
- tket intermediate 12 min read
Circuit Optimisation with tket
How to use tket (pytket) to optimise quantum circuits, reduce gate counts, and compile for specific hardware backends without rewriting your circuits.
- Qiskit intermediate 40 minutes
Running Qiskit on Real IBM Quantum Hardware: Tips and Pitfalls
A practical guide to running Qiskit circuits on real IBM quantum processors: account setup, backend selection, ISA transpilation, session management, reading results, and avoiding common errors on noisy hardware.
- OpenFermion advanced 18 min read
Molecular Simulation with OpenFermion and Qiskit
Build a complete quantum chemistry pipeline: encode the H2 Hamiltonian with OpenFermion, transform it to qubits via Jordan-Wigner, then find the ground state energy using VQE on Qiskit's statevector simulator.
- PennyLane intermediate 20 min read
Quantum Machine Learning with PennyLane: Your First Classifier
Build a quantum classifier using PennyLane's parameterized circuits and train it to classify a simple dataset using gradient descent.
- Q# intermediate 40 minutes
Implementing Grover's Algorithm in Q#
Build a complete implementation of Grover's quantum search algorithm in Q#, including oracle design, reflection operations, and execution on the Azure Quantum Resource Estimator and full-state simulator.
- Qiskit advanced 60 minutes
Qiskit Pulse: Low-Level Quantum Hardware Control
Go below the circuit level with Qiskit Pulse: build custom microwave pulse schedules, define your own single-qubit gates via pulse calibration, measure qubit coherence times T1 and T2, and run experiments on IBM Quantum backends.
- Qiskit intermediate 16 min read
Quantum Error Correction: Building a 3-Qubit Repetition Code in Qiskit
Implement a 3-qubit bit-flip repetition code from scratch in Qiskit: encoding, error injection, syndrome measurement with ancilla qubits, decoding logic, and fidelity benchmarking across error rates.
- Qiskit intermediate 45 minutes
Quantum Walks: How Quantum Computers Explore Graphs
Implement discrete-time quantum walks on a line and cycle graph in Qiskit, visualize the quadratic spreading advantage over classical random walks, and understand the deep connection to Grover's algorithm.
- quantum volume ConceptsConcepts intermediate 35 min read
Measuring Quantum Advantage: Benchmarks, Metrics, and What They Really Mean
Understand quantum volume, CLOPS, randomized benchmarking, and cross-entropy benchmarking: what each metric actually measures, why they are sometimes gamed, and what genuine quantum advantage requires beyond laboratory demonstrations.
- PennyLane intermediate 16 min read
Introduction to Quantum Machine Learning
A conceptual and practical introduction to quantum machine learning: what QML is, data encoding strategies, parameterized quantum circuits, and a complete classification example.
- Qiskit beginner 25 min read
Build Your First Quantum Circuit in Qiskit (Complete Beginner Guide)
Step-by-step guide to installing Qiskit, building your first quantum circuit, creating a Bell state, simulating it locally, and running it on a real IBM Quantum device.
- quantum chemistry ConceptsConcepts intermediate 30 min
Quantum Chemistry on Quantum Computers: The Basics
How quantum computers simulate molecular systems: from second quantization and fermion-to-qubit mappings to VQE and the active space approximation.
- QFT ConceptsConcepts intermediate 30 min
The Quantum Fourier Transform: How and Why It Works
A step-by-step explanation of the quantum Fourier transform: the circuit construction, why it is exponentially faster than the classical FFT, and its role in phase estimation and Shor's algorithm.
- Strawberry Fields advanced 15 min read
Gaussian Boson Sampling with Strawberry Fields
Run a Gaussian boson sampling circuit in Strawberry Fields: squeezed states, beamsplitters, and the connection to molecular vibronic spectra and graph similarity.
- complex numbers ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min
Complex Numbers in Quantum Computing
Why quantum computing uses complex numbers, how quantum amplitudes work, and the role of phase in quantum interference.
- PyQuil advanced 30 min read
VQE Implementation in PyQuil
Implement the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) in PyQuil to find the ground state energy of molecular hydrogen. Build the Hamiltonian, parameterized ansatz, and classical optimization loop.
- quantum sensing ConceptsConcepts intermediate 16 min read
Quantum Sensing: How Quantum Systems Detect the Undetectable
Explore how quantum superposition and entanglement enable sensors that exceed classical noise limits, from NV center magnetometers to atomic clocks, with a Qiskit simulation of the Ramsey spectroscopy protocol.
- quantum algorithms ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min read
What Is a Quantum Algorithm? How Quantum Programs Work
Understand the structure of quantum algorithms through state preparation, oracles, interference, and measurement, using Deutsch's algorithm as the clearest possible example.
- OpenQASM intermediate 25 min
Classical Control Flow in OpenQASM 3
Use OpenQASM 3's classical control flow features: if/else on measurement outcomes, for loops, while loops, and real-time classical computation for dynamic quantum circuits.
- quantum speedup ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min read
Why Are Quantum Computers Faster? Superposition, Interference, and Entanglement Explained
Understand the real mechanism behind quantum speedup: not 'exploring all paths at once,' but engineering interference to amplify right answers and cancel wrong ones.
- Qiskit intermediate 50 minutes
Solving Max-Cut with QAOA in Qiskit: A Practical Guide
Build a complete Max-Cut solver using QAOA in Qiskit Optimization. Covers graph construction with NetworkX, QuadraticProgram formulation, QAOA via MinimumEigenOptimizer, and how solution quality changes with circuit depth p.
- quantum computing ConceptsConcepts beginner 15 min read
Quantum vs Classical Computing: What's Actually Different?
Cut through the hype and understand what actually separates quantum computers from classical ones, what problems they genuinely help with, and what realistic expectations look like.
- error mitigation ConceptsConcepts advanced 35 min read
Quantum Error Mitigation: ZNE vs PEC vs Clifford Data Regression
A practical comparison of the three main quantum error mitigation strategies (zero-noise extrapolation, probabilistic error cancellation, and Clifford data regression) with working Mitiq code and guidance on when to use each.
- Qiskit intermediate 40 min
VQE for H2 Molecule: Complete Worked Example in Qiskit
A complete walkthrough of VQE for the hydrogen molecule in Qiskit Nature, from PySCF driver and Jordan-Wigner mapping through UCCSD ansatz and classical optimization.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 30 min
Graph Coloring with D-Wave Ocean
Formulate the graph coloring problem as a QUBO and solve it on D-Wave using the Ocean SDK.
- PennyLane intermediate 30 min
Finite-Shot Optimization in PennyLane
Optimize variational circuits using finite shots in PennyLane. Compare parameter-shift, SPSA, and natural gradient estimators for shot-limited hardware settings.
- tket advanced 35 min
Custom Compilation Passes in TKET
Build and compose custom compilation pass sequences in pytket. Learn how to rebase to hardware native gates, apply optimization passes, and profile circuit depth improvements.
- PennyLane intermediate 30 min read
Quantum Kernels and Support Vector Machines with PennyLane
Learn how to build quantum kernel functions with PennyLane, use them with scikit-learn's SVM, and understand when quantum kernels might offer an advantage over classical kernels, with a full working classification example.
- Qiskit intermediate 25 min
Testing Quantum Circuits with Qiskit Fake Backends
Use Qiskit fake backends to simulate real IBM quantum device noise locally, enabling fast and realistic circuit testing without using hardware credits.
- Qiskit beginner 11 min read
Visualizing Quantum Circuits and States in Qiskit
How to visualize quantum circuits, measurement histograms, statevectors, and Bloch sphere representations using Qiskit's built-in tools.
- Qiskit advanced 30 min read
Quantum State Tomography with Qiskit
Reconstruct an unknown quantum state from measurement data using Qiskit's StateTomography workflow. Understand when tomography is useful and when it is not.
- surface code StimStim advanced 30 min read
Surface Code Simulation: Stim + PyMatching Tutorial
Simulate a distance-3 surface code using Stim and decode syndromes with PyMatching. Measure logical error rates and compute the code threshold from simulation data.
- entanglement ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min
What is Quantum Entanglement?
A clear explanation of quantum entanglement: what it is, what it is not, how it differs from classical correlations, and why it is a resource in quantum computing.
- Cirq advanced 18 min read
VQE with Cirq and OpenFermion
Build a complete VQE implementation for H2 using Cirq's parametric gates, OpenFermion for the qubit Hamiltonian, scipy for classical optimization, and the parameter shift rule for exact gradients.
- Stim intermediate 25 min read
Quantum Phase Estimation in Q#
Implement the Quantum Phase Estimation algorithm in Q# to estimate eigenvalues of unitary operators, with a worked example using the T gate.
- neutral atoms ConceptsConcepts intermediate 18 min read
Neutral Atom Quantum Computing: How It Works
How neutral atom quantum computers work: optical tweezers, Rydberg interactions, programmable connectivity, and how platforms like QuEra and Pasqal compare to superconducting and trapped ion approaches.
- Qiskit intermediate 15 min read
Portfolio Optimization with Qiskit and QAOA
Formulate mean-variance portfolio optimization as a QUBO, solve it with QAOA using Qiskit Optimization, and compare results against the classical Markowitz efficient frontier.
- Qiskit beginner 35 minutes
The Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm: Quantum's First Speedup Explained
Learn how the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm solves in a single query a problem that requires exponentially many classical queries, and implement both constant and balanced oracles in Qiskit.
- HHL ConceptsConcepts advanced 35 min
The HHL Algorithm: Quantum Linear Systems
A conceptual and mathematical introduction to the HHL algorithm for solving linear systems Ax=b, including its assumptions, exponential speedup claim, and important caveats.
- PennyLane intermediate 25 min read
Variational Quantum Eigensolver with PennyLane
Implement the Variational Quantum Eigensolver to find the ground state energy of a hydrogen molecule using PennyLane and gradient-based optimization.
- Qiskit beginner 35 minutes
Debugging Quantum Circuits with Qiskit's Statevector Simulator
Use the statevector simulator to debug quantum circuits: print amplitudes, plot probability distributions, probe mid-circuit state, and catch common bugs.
- Qiskit intermediate 15 min read
Designing Grover's Algorithm Oracles
How to design and implement oracles for Grover's search algorithm: from Boolean functions to quantum circuits, phase kickback, and multi-target search.
- error mitigation MitiqMitiq intermediate 14 min read
Error Mitigation with Mitiq: Zero-Noise Extrapolation
Use Mitiq's zero-noise extrapolation to reduce the impact of hardware noise on expectation values without full quantum error correction.
- Stim intermediate 65 minutes
Quantum Amplitude Estimation: From Theory to Finance Applications
Implement canonical QAE and Iterative QAE in Qiskit, understand the connection to Grover and QPE, and apply amplitude estimation to European call option pricing.
- quantum computing careers ConceptsConcepts beginner 25 min read
Careers in Quantum Computing: Roles, Skills, and How to Get Hired
A practical guide to quantum computing job categories, required skills per role, salary ranges, companies hiring, and how to build a portfolio that gets you in the door.
- Strawberry Fields intermediate 20 min read
Boson Sampling Applications with Strawberry Fields
Use Gaussian Boson Sampling in Strawberry Fields for molecular vibronic spectra simulation and graph similarity, with practical examples from the sf.apps module.
- surface code ConceptsConcepts advanced 18 min read
The Surface Code: Quantum Error Correction at Scale
How the surface code works: the 2D lattice geometry, X and Z stabilizer measurements, logical operators, and why it's the leading candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computing.
- PyQuil intermediate 30 min
Building Quantum Programs with PyQuil and Quilbase
Use PyQuil's Quilbase API to construct parameterized Quil programs, manage classical memory, and execute on Rigetti QCS. Covers the modern PyQuil 4.x API with QCSClient.
- Q# advanced 30 min read
Quantum Chemistry Simulation with Q#
Use Q# and the Microsoft.Quantum.Chemistry library to simulate molecular ground state energies, covering Jordan-Wigner encoding, Broombridge data, and phase estimation.
- density matrix ConceptsConcepts intermediate 25 min read
Density Matrices and Mixed States in Qiskit
Understand density matrices, mixed states, and the partial trace. Essential for reasoning about noise, decoherence, and real hardware, with working Qiskit examples.
- PennyLane advanced 35 min
Diagnosing and Avoiding Barren Plateaus in PennyLane
Understand why barren plateaus occur in deep variational circuits, how to detect them in PennyLane, and practical strategies to avoid them including layerwise training and structured ansatze.
- entanglement ConceptsConcepts beginner 12 min read
Quantum Entanglement Explained
What entanglement actually is, why Einstein hated it, and why it's essential for quantum computing and quantum communication.
- Qiskit advanced 35 min read
Hamiltonian Simulation with Trotterization in Qiskit
Simulate quantum systems by decomposing time evolution into circuits using first and second-order Trotterization. Practical implementation with Qiskit's PauliEvolutionGate and LieTrotter.
- PennyLane advanced 70 minutes
Lithium Hydride VQE with PennyLane: From Molecule to Energy
Full VQE for LiH using PennyLane's qchem module: molecular Hamiltonian, Hartree-Fock initial state, UCCSD ansatz, optimization, and potential energy surface scan.
- PennyLane intermediate 50 minutes
Building a Variational Quantum Classifier from Scratch
Build a complete binary quantum classifier with angle encoding, strongly entangling layers, BCE loss, and Adam optimizer, trained on the moons dataset, with decision boundary visualization and comparison to logistic regression.
- PennyLane advanced 16 min read
Quantum Chemistry in PennyLane: H2 Ground State via VQE
Walk through a real VQE simulation in PennyLane: build the H2 Hamiltonian, construct a UCCSD ansatz, and converge to the ground state energy in under 50 iterations.
- Qiskit advanced 70 minutes
Water Molecule Simulation with Qiskit Nature and VQE
A complete end-to-end VQE simulation of the water molecule using Qiskit Nature: PySCFDriver setup, active space reduction from 10 electrons in 7 orbitals to 4 electrons in 4 orbitals, Jordan-Wigner mapping, UCCSD ansatz, and comparison with Hartree-Fock and CCSD references.
- Qiskit advanced 35 min
Randomized Benchmarking with Qiskit
Run randomized benchmarking protocols in Qiskit to measure average gate fidelity and diagnose systematic errors on real quantum hardware.
- quantum gates ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min read
Quantum Gates as Matrices: The Linear Algebra Behind Quantum Computing
Understand quantum gates as 2x2 unitary matrices, see the explicit matrices for X, Y, Z, H, S, and T gates, and learn how matrix multiplication corresponds to running gates sequentially.
- noise mitigation MitiqMitiq intermediate 12 min read
Noise Mitigation with Mitiq
How to reduce the effect of quantum hardware noise using Mitiq's zero-noise extrapolation and probabilistic error cancellation techniques without full error correction.
- Qiskit advanced 75 minutes
Characterizing Real Quantum Hardware Noise with Qiskit
Implement noise characterization using Qiskit Experiments: T1 inversion recovery, T2 Ramsey, single-qubit RB, two-qubit RB, and cross-resonance tomography on a fake backend.
- shors algorithm ConceptsConcepts intermediate 20 min read
Shor's Algorithm Explained
How Shor's algorithm breaks RSA encryption by factoring large numbers exponentially faster than any classical computer, and what this means for cybersecurity.
- Qiskit intermediate 15 min read
Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) Explained
How VQE works: the variational principle, ansatz design, classical optimizer loop, and a complete Qiskit implementation for finding the ground state of a simple Hamiltonian.
- qubits ConceptsConcepts beginner 10 min read
What is a Qubit?
A plain-English explanation of qubits, what makes them different from classical bits and why that matters for computing.
- D-Wave Ocean advanced 30 min read
Understanding Minor-Embedding in D-Wave Problems
Learn how logical problem variables map to physical qubits through minor-embedding, and how to diagnose and fix chain breaks on D-Wave hardware.
- OpenQASM intermediate 25 min
Subroutines and Reusable Gates in OpenQASM 3
Define reusable gate subroutines and parameterized gates in OpenQASM 3. Learn the gate declaration syntax, scoping rules, and how to build modular circuit libraries.
- Qiskit advanced 18 min read
Molecular Simulation with Qiskit Nature
Set up and run a molecular ground state energy calculation in Qiskit Nature: driver setup, active space selection, Jordan-Wigner mapping, and VQE optimization.
- Qiskit intermediate 50 minutes
Measuring Quantum Volume: A Step-by-Step Guide with Qiskit
Implement quantum volume measurement from scratch using random SU(4) circuits, ideal vs noisy simulation, and the heavy output generation problem.
- Amazon Braket intermediate 55 minutes
Quantum Machine Learning on Amazon Braket
Train a variational quantum classifier on the Iris dataset using PennyLane with the Amazon Braket backend, including local simulation, SV1 managed simulator, and Hybrid Jobs for persistent classical-quantum training loops.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 14 min read
Advanced D-Wave: Hybrid Solvers and Leap
Use D-Wave's Leap hybrid solver service to solve large optimization problems that are too big for the QPU alone: LeapHybridSampler, problem formulation, and interpreting solutions.
- PennyLane advanced 40 minutes
High-Performance Simulation with PennyLane Lightning and GPU
Explore PennyLane's Lightning family of high-performance simulation backends, learn how to use adjoint differentiation for efficient gradient computation, and understand when to deploy lightning.qubit, lightning.gpu, and lightning.kokkos.
- Stim advanced 55 minutes
Quantum Phase Estimation: Deep Dive and Applications
A thorough treatment of quantum phase estimation covering circuit construction, precision trade-offs, the Hadamard test variant, iterative QPE, and applications in eigenvalue estimation, the HHL algorithm, and quantum simulation.
- tket intermediate 16 min read
Variational Quantum Algorithms with tket
How to implement the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) using tket's parameterized circuits and scipy optimization.
- PyQuil intermediate 25 min read
Understanding Quil: PyQuil's Quantum Assembly Language
Deep dive into the Quil quantum assembly language underlying PyQuil. Learn DEFGATE, DECLARE, classical control flow, DEFCIRCUIT, and how PyQuil programs compile to Quil strings.
- Amazon Braket advanced 25 min read
Analog Hamiltonian Simulation with QuEra Aquila
Program QuEra's Aquila neutral-atom processor through Amazon Braket to run analog Hamiltonian simulations with Rydberg blockade physics.
- Stim intermediate 30 min
Qiskit Sampler and Estimator: The Primitives API
How to use Qiskit's Sampler and Estimator primitives for efficient quantum circuit execution on real hardware and simulators.
- bloch sphere ConceptsConcepts intermediate 25 min read
Bloch Sphere Math: State Vectors to Rotations
The mathematics behind the Bloch sphere: how the angles θ and φ map to quantum state vectors, why single-qubit gates are rotations, and how to read any single-qubit state geometrically.
- Qiskit intermediate 15 min read
Solving Optimization Problems with Qiskit Optimization
Use Qiskit's optimization module to formulate and solve combinatorial problems: Max-Cut, knapsack, and TSP using QAOA and the MinimumEigenOptimizer.
- QKD ConceptsConcepts beginner 14 min read
Simulating BB84 Quantum Key Distribution in Python
Implement the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol from scratch in Python, simulating qubit encoding, eavesdropping detection, and secure key sifting.
- quantum networking ConceptsConcepts intermediate 35 min read
Quantum Networking: Entanglement Swapping and Quantum Repeaters
Learn how entanglement swapping extends quantum correlations across arbitrary distances, why quantum repeaters are essential for a quantum internet, and how fiber loss rates drive the engineering challenge, with a Python simulation of fidelity degradation.
- Qiskit intermediate 30 min
Grover's Algorithm with Multiple Solutions
Extend Grover's algorithm to handle multiple marked items. Derive the optimal number of iterations, implement multi-solution oracles in Qiskit, and use quantum counting to find the solution count.
- Cirq advanced 15 min read
Fast Clifford Simulation with Cirq
Use Cirq's CliffordSimulator to efficiently simulate large stabilizer circuits, enabling 100+ qubit experiments on a laptop.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 60 minutes
D-Wave Hybrid Workflows: Combining Classical and Quantum Solvers
Learn the full D-Wave hybrid workflow: define optimization problems as BQMs and CQMs, use LeapHybridSampler for large-scale solving, apply SteepestDescentSolver for local refinement, and decide when hybrid outperforms pure classical or QPU-only approaches.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 25 min read
Using D-Wave Leap Hybrid Solvers
Solve large optimization problems with D-Wave Leap hybrid solvers that combine classical heuristics and quantum annealing.
- Mitiq advanced 35 min
Qiskit vs Mitiq for Zero-Noise Extrapolation: Which to Use
Side-by-side Qiskit Runtime and Mitiq for zero-noise extrapolation: which library handles gate folding better, when Richardson extrapolation outperforms linear fits, and which to pick.
- PennyLane intermediate 12 min read
Quantum Teleportation with PennyLane
Implement quantum teleportation in PennyLane: creating the entangled pair, Bell measurement, classical correction, and verifying the teleported state.
- OpenQASM beginner 12 min read
OpenQASM 3 and Qiskit Interoperability
How to convert between Qiskit QuantumCircuit objects and OpenQASM 3 strings for sharing, archiving, and cross-platform workflows.
- PennyLane intermediate 15 min read
PennyLane QAOA Tutorial: Solve Max-Cut on a 5-Node Graph
Run QAOA on Max-Cut in PennyLane end to end: encode the graph as a cost Hamiltonian, parameterize the variational circuit, and optimize toward the maximum partition.
- Qiskit advanced 40 min
Qiskit State Tomography: Reconstruct an Unknown Qubit State
Reconstruct an unknown 1- or 2-qubit state with Qiskit's state tomography protocol. Covers measurement basis selection, SPAM correction, and how many shots you actually need.
- tket advanced 18 min read
Noise Mitigation Techniques in tket
How to use tket's compiler passes and error mitigation tools to improve results from noisy quantum hardware.
- Amazon Braket intermediate 55 minutes
Comparing Quantum Hardware on Amazon Braket: IonQ vs Rigetti vs OQC vs QuEra
Run the same benchmark circuit across multiple Braket hardware providers, compare noise levels, gate sets, connectivity, pricing, and latency.
- PennyLane advanced 45 min
Quantum GANs with PennyLane
Build a quantum generative adversarial network in PennyLane with a quantum generator and classical discriminator.
- Cirq intermediate 18 min read
Cirq QFT From Scratch: Controlled-Phase Rotations Step by Step
Build the Quantum Fourier Transform in Cirq one rotation at a time. Verifies against the classical DFT, explains the bit reversal, and shows where the speedup actually comes from.
- Cirq advanced 35 min
Circuit Routing and Optimization in Cirq
Use Cirq's transformer framework to route circuits onto device topologies, optimize gate sequences, and reduce circuit depth.
- quantum walks ConceptsConcepts intermediate 30 min
Quantum Walks and the Search Algorithm
How quantum walks on graphs achieve quadratic speedup for search problems, with the Szegedy framework explained and a Qiskit implementation of discrete-time quantum walk search.
- Amazon Braket advanced 40 min
Pulse-Level Quantum Control with Amazon Braket
Program quantum hardware at the pulse level using Amazon Braket's OpenPulse interface. Define custom gate sequences and explore native hardware calibrations.
- linear algebra ConceptsConcepts beginner 35 min
Linear Algebra for Quantum Computing
The essential linear algebra you need for quantum computing: vectors, matrices, tensor products, and inner products, explained with quantum computing in mind.
- OpenQASM intermediate 14 min read
Writing Quantum Circuits in OpenQASM 3
OpenQASM 3 syntax for describing quantum circuits: gate definitions, classical control flow, real-time feedback, and how QASM 3 differs from QASM 2.
- Cirq intermediate 20 min read
QAOA for Max-Cut in Cirq
Implement the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm to solve a small Max-Cut problem using Cirq, with parameterized circuits and classical optimization.
- D-Wave Ocean intermediate 25 min read
QUBO Formulation: Translating Problems for D-Wave
Learn how to formulate combinatorial optimization problems as QUBO matrices for D-Wave, including penalty terms for constraints and a worked number partitioning example.
- Qiskit intermediate 20 min read
Migrating from Qiskit 0.x to Qiskit 1.0
A practical guide to porting Qiskit 0.x code to Qiskit 1.0: deprecated APIs removed, primitives V2 migration, backend changes, and transpiler updates.
- OpenQASM intermediate 15 min read
Mid-Circuit Measurement and Classical Feedforward in OpenQASM 3
How to use mid-circuit measurements, classical conditionals, and real-time feedback in OpenQASM 3 dynamic circuits.
- tket intermediate 15 min read
Connecting tket to Real Quantum Hardware
How to connect tket circuits to IBM Quantum, Quantinuum H-Series, and AWS Braket backends using pytket extension packages.
- Cirq intermediate 13 min read
Advanced Gates and Custom Unitaries in Cirq
Define custom quantum gates in Cirq from unitary matrices, use the fermionic simulation gate (FSimGate), and build parameterized custom operations.
- Cirq advanced 40 min
Noise Characterization in Cirq
Characterize noise in Cirq circuits using cross-entropy benchmarking and depolarizing error models. Validate against Google Quantum AI hardware specifications.
- Cirq advanced 14 min read
Simulating Superconducting Qubit Physics in Cirq
Use Cirq's tools for simulating Google-style superconducting circuits: fSim gates, GridQubits, device topology, and the cross-entropy benchmarking protocol.
- Mitiq advanced 50 minutes
Probabilistic Error Cancellation with Mitiq
Learn how probabilistic error cancellation (PEC) works as a powerful generalization of zero-noise extrapolation, and how to implement it with Mitiq to extract near-ideal expectation values from noisy quantum hardware.
- Amazon Braket intermediate 20 min read
Using PennyLane with Amazon Braket
Connect PennyLane to Amazon Braket backends to run hybrid quantum-classical workflows, from local simulation to IonQ trapped-ion hardware.
- Qiskit intermediate 45 minutes
Simon's Algorithm: Exponential Quantum Speedup for Period Finding
Understand Simon's algorithm, the first proof of exponential quantum speedup, covering the hidden period problem, quantum circuit, classical post-processing over GF(2), and a complete Qiskit implementation.
- Amazon Braket intermediate 22 min read
Error Mitigation on Amazon Braket
Apply zero-noise extrapolation and measurement error mitigation techniques on Amazon Braket using local and density matrix simulators.
- PennyLane advanced 35 min
Compiling Quantum Programs with PennyLane Catalyst
Use PennyLane Catalyst to JIT-compile hybrid quantum-classical programs with JAX, enabling fast execution on both simulators and quantum hardware.
- Qiskit advanced 40 min
Quantum Process Tomography with Qiskit
Characterize quantum gates and channels using process tomography in Qiskit. Understand how to reconstruct the process matrix and interpret fidelity results.
- Qiskit intermediate 25 min
Qiskit SparsePauliOp Tutorial: Build Hamiltonians
Build and manipulate Hamiltonians efficiently using Qiskit's SparsePauliOp class for variational algorithms and quantum chemistry simulations.
- quantum annealing ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min
Quantum Annealing vs Gate-Based Quantum Computing
A clear comparison of quantum annealing and gate-based quantum computing: how they work, what problems they solve best, and when to choose each approach.
- Qiskit intermediate 13 min read
Quantum Fourier Transform in Qiskit
Build the quantum Fourier transform circuit from scratch in Qiskit, understand why it works, and see how it underpins Shor's algorithm and quantum phase estimation.
- Stim intermediate 15 min read
Quantum Phase Estimation in Qiskit
How quantum phase estimation works and how to implement it in Qiskit: circuit construction, ancilla register sizing, and reading the phase from measurement results.
- D-Wave Ocean beginner 20 min read
Simulated Annealing with D-Wave Ocean
Use D-Wave Ocean's SimulatedAnnealingSampler to test QUBO formulations locally before committing to quantum hardware.
- python ConceptsConcepts beginner 15 min read
Python for Quantum Computing: A Practical Setup Guide
Everything you need to set up Python for quantum computing: virtual environments, NumPy fundamentals, and your first quantum program from scratch.
- Qiskit intermediate 14 min read
Quantum Monte Carlo for Options Pricing
Learn how quantum amplitude estimation delivers a quadratic speedup over classical Monte Carlo for pricing European call options, using Qiskit Finance's built-in circuits and AerSimulator.
- OpenQASM intermediate 14 min read
Defining Custom Gates in OpenQASM 3
How to define reusable custom gates in OpenQASM 3 using the gate keyword, angle parameters, and inline gate modifiers.
- Qiskit intermediate 45 minutes
Quantum Teleportation: Transferring Quantum States Without Moving Particles
Understand the quantum teleportation protocol from first principles, learn why it does not violate relativity or the no-cloning theorem, and implement a working teleportation circuit using Qiskit dynamic circuits.
- Amazon Braket advanced 30 min
Verbatim Compilation with Amazon Braket
Run circuits on Amazon Braket without compiler modifications using verbatim compilation. Understand native gate sets and topology requirements.
- Bernstein-Vazirani ConceptsConcepts beginner 20 min read
The Bernstein-Vazirani Algorithm: Implementing a Hidden String Finder in Qiskit
Implement the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm in Qiskit: find a hidden bit string in a single query using superposition and phase kickback, versus N queries classically.
- bra-ket notation ConceptsConcepts beginner 25 min
Bra-Ket Notation Explained
A practical guide to Dirac bra-ket notation as used in quantum computing: kets, bras, inner products, outer products, and how to read quantum circuit diagrams.
- Qiskit intermediate 60 minutes
Simulating the Transverse-Field Ising Model with Qiskit
Simulate the 1D transverse-field Ising model using Trotterized time evolution in Qiskit. Measure magnetization dynamics, scan the quantum phase transition, and compare to exact diagonalization.
- Qiskit intermediate 14 min read
Qiskit Runtime Primitives: Sampler and Estimator
How to use Qiskit Runtime's Sampler and Estimator primitives to run circuits on IBM quantum hardware efficiently, replacing the deprecated execute() API.
- Qiskit intermediate 13 min read
How to Build a Realistic Qiskit Noise Model (T1, T2, Depolarizing)
Step-by-step Qiskit noise model with depolarizing channels, T1/T2 decay, and readout error. Includes importing real IBM backend calibrations so simulations match hardware.
- decoherence ConceptsConcepts intermediate 25 min read
Quantum Decoherence Explained: Why Qubits Lose Their Quantum Nature
What decoherence is physically, how T1 and T2 times characterise it, and why it is the central engineering problem of quantum computing. Includes Qiskit simulation of decoherence effects.